优化垄沟比是挖掘旱地作物光温水气资源利用潜力和生产力的有效措施之一，研究全膜垄上微沟种植技术与立式深旋耕作技术复合下垄沟比变化对马铃薯水分利用、商品率和产量稳定性的影响，为今后标准化半干旱区旱地马铃薯种植栽培参数和最佳空间配置提供理论支撑。于2021 — 2023年在定西市安定区采用全膜覆盖垄上微沟和立式深旋耕作技术复合种植模式下设置3个垄沟比处理(50 cm ∶ 50 cm、60 cm ∶ 40 cm、70 cm ∶ 30 cm)进行了比较试验。结果表明，垄沟比变化对水分利用效率和马铃薯产量的影响与降水年份相关，在降水较好的年份，增加垄沟比有利于增加马铃薯产量，而降水较少的干旱年份增加垄沟比则降低了马铃薯产量。从马铃薯块茎折合产量、商品产量、水分利用效率(WUE)和产量稳定性方面综合来看，垄沟比为60 cm ∶ 40 cm的种植模式是全膜覆盖垄上微沟和立式深旋耕作技术复合种植模式的最适规格。但单一从商品率和商品产量来看，垄沟比为70 cm ∶ 30 cm的种植模式则可以有效地提高马铃薯商品率和商品产量，建议在未来降水多的年份适当提高垄沟比，可兼顾提高马铃薯产量与商品率。

Optimizing the ridge-furrow ratio is an effective strategy to exploit the potential of light, temperature, water, and air resources in dryland crops and improve productivity. This study investigated the effects of ridge-furrow ratio variation within the integrated technology of mini-ditch planting on ridge combined with plastic mulching and vertically rotary sub-soiling on potato water utilization, marketability, and yield stability, providing theoretical support for future standardized planting parameters and optimal spatial configuration in semi-arid dryland potato cultivation. From 2021 to 2023, a comparative experiment was conducted in Anding District, Dingxi City employing full plastic film coverage on ridge with mini-ditch and vertically rotary sub-soiling technology, with 3 ridge-furrow ratio treatments(50 cm∶50 cm, 60 cm∶40 cm, 70 cm∶30 cm). Results indicated that the impact of ridge-furrow ratio variation on water use efficiency and potato yield was dependent on annual precipitation. In years with higher precipitation, increasing the ridge-furrow ratio enhanced potato yield, whereas in drier years, a higher ridge-furrow ratio led to a yield reduction.Based on tuber yield, commodity yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and yield stability, the 60 cm∶40 cm ridge-furrow ratio was identified as the optimal specification for the combined planting model using mini-ditch on ridge and vertically rotary sub-soiling tillage technology with full film mulching. However, in terms of commodity rate and commodity yield alone, the 70 cm:30 cm ridge-furrow ratio effectively improved potato commodity rate and commodity yield. It is recommended to moderately increase the ridge-furrow ratio in years with higher precipitation to balance improvements in potato yield and commodity rate.

S532

国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900700)；甘肃省科技计划项目(22JR5RA763、23JRRA1340)；甘肃省青年科技基金(24JRRA31)。