通过筛选适合甘肃冷凉区种植且性状优良的叶用莴苣新优种质资源，为叶用莴苣品种选育提供科学依据。从收集到的种质中，选取11份叶用莴苣进行11个质量性状和9个数量性状的遗传多样性、相关性和主成分分析。结果表明，11个叶用莴苣种质资源的11个质量性状表型丰富，9个数量性状的变异系数为5%~38%；2种类型的叶用莴苣相关数量性状中，单株(球)重变异系数在25%以上。对11份叶用莴苣数量性状的相关性分析表明，散叶莴苣叶宽、叶柄宽与单株重呈极显著正相关，叶柄宽与叶柄厚呈显著正相关；结球莴苣株高与叶长呈显著正相关，株幅与叶宽、叶球横径与单球重均呈极显著正相关，叶长和球叶数呈显著负相关。利用主成分分析法提取了4个主成分，可代表叶用莴苣85.74%的信息，通过对11份参试材料的表型性状的综合评价，SC01、SC04和SC06的田间综合性状表现优良，适合在甘肃省冷凉区春季露地栽培推广种植。

To filter high-quality resources of leaf lettuce suitable for cultivation in the cool regions of Gansu so as to provide cientific support for leaf lettuce variety breeding, the genetic diversity, correlation, and principal component analysis of 11 qualitative traits and 9 quantitative traits from 11 leaf lettuce germplasm materials were analyzed, which were selected from collected and preserved resources by our research group. The results showed that the 11 qualitative traits exhibited rich phenotypic variation in 11 leaf lettuce germplasms, and the coefficient of variation for the 9 quantitative traits ranged from 5% to 38%. Among the related quantitative traits of the two types of leaf lettuce, the coefficient of variation for weight per lettuce (heading lettuce) was over 25%. Correlation analysis of the quantitative traits of the 11 leaf lettuce germplasms showed that there was an extremely significant positive correlation between leaf width, petiole width and weight per lettuce plant in loose-leaf lettuce, and there was a significant positive correlation between petiole width and petiole thickness. There was a significant positive correlation between plant height and leaf length of heading lettuce. Plant width and leaf width, transverse diameter of heading lettuce and weight per heading lettuce was significantly positively correlated, whereas leaf length and number of leaves on heading lettuce was a significant negative correlated. Principal component analysis extracted four principal components, which accounted for 85.74% of the total information on leaf lettuce. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of phenotypic traits of 11 tested materials, the field comprehensive characters of SC01, SC04 and SC06 were excellent, they were suitable for promoting planting in the cold regions of Gansu Province.

S636.2

国家大宗蔬菜产业体系兰州综合试验站(CARS-23-G-19)；甘肃省科技计划重大专项(24ZDNA005)；甘肃省重点研发计划(25YFNA027)；甘肃省技术创新引导计划(24CXNP004、24CXNJ011)。